{"id":6092,"date":"2011-06-24T13:31:29","date_gmt":"2011-06-24T05:31:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lifeparty.idv.tw\/blog\/?p=6092"},"modified":"2011-06-24T14:15:11","modified_gmt":"2011-06-24T06:15:11","slug":"%e5%be%9e%e5%85%ac%e5%85%b1%e5%bb%ba%e8%a8%ad%e7%9a%84%e7%b3%bb%e7%b5%b1%e5%a4%b1%e5%b8%b8%e7%9c%8b%e7%b3%bb%e7%b5%b1%e9%96%8b%e7%99%bc%e7%9a%84%e8%a4%87%e9%9b%9c%e6%80%a7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lifeparty.idv.tw\/blog\/archives\/6092","title":{"rendered":"\u5f9e\u516c\u5171\u5efa\u8a2d\u7684\u7cfb\u7d71\u5931\u5e38\u770b\u7cfb\u7d71\u958b\u767c\u7684\u8907\u96dc\u6027"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u54c1\u8cea\u5c31\u662f\u6c92\u6709\u932f\u8aa4\uff1f<\/h4>\n

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\"\u5ba2\u6236\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u9700\u8981\"<\/p>\n

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\u300c\u662f\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f…\u300d\u75c7\u5019\u7fa4\u986f\u793a\u7cfb\u7d71\u958b\u767c\u5728\u5c0e\u51fa\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u5e38\u898b\u969c\u7919\uff1b\u7531\u65bc\u7cfb\u7d71\u5728\u88ab\u958b\u767c\u51fa\u4f86\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u898b\u548c\u4e0d\u53ef\u89f8\u6478\u6027\uff0c\u5ba2\u6236\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u5728\u9084\u6c92\u770b\u5230\u548c\u63a5\u89f8\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6839\u672c\u5f88\u96e3\u8aaa\u6e05\u695a\u4ed6\u5011\u9700\u8981\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6709\u6642\u5019\u9023\u4ed6\u5011\u90fd\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u81ea\u5df1\u8981\u4ec0\u9ebc\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u7cfb\u958b\u958b\u767c\u5728\u5c0e\u51fa\u7cfb\u7d71\u9700\u6c42\u9084\u6709\u5169\u7a2e\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u969c\u7919\uff0c\u4e00\u7a2e\u662f\u5728\u7cfb\u7d71\u7bc4\u570d\u5167\u5b58\u5728\u300c\u672a\u767c\u73fe\u7684\u5ee2\u589f\u300d\uff0c\u7576\u958b\u767c\u8005\u6108\u6df1\u5165\u8a8d\u8b58\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u6108\u6703\u767c\u73fe\u5f88\u591a\u539f\u4f86\u6c92\u6709\u88ab\u767c\u73fe\u7684\u7cfb\u7d71\u554f\u984c\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u7a2e\u662f\u958b\u767c\u8005\u548c\u5ba2\u6236\u6216\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u7684\u8a9e\u8a00\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5f7c\u6b64\u80cc\u666f\u3001\u5c08\u696d\u77e5\u8b58\u3001\u6280\u80fd\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u95dc\u6ce8\u7684\u7126\u9ede\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4f7f\u96d9\u65b9\u5728\u6e9d\u901a\u4e0a\u63a1\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u5f7c\u6b64\u8aa4\u89e3\u548c\u885d\u7a81\u7684\u6a5f\u6703\u3002Dean Leffingwell & Don Widrig (2003), \u300aManaging Software Requirements: A Use Case Approach<\/a>\u300b, Second Edition, Addison Wesley Professional.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u7531\u4e0a\u9762\u5e7e\u7a2e\u5c0e\u51fa\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u969c\u7919\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u89e3\u50c5\u50c5\u7cfb\u7d71\u958b\u767c\u8981\u628a\u9700\u6c42\u5f04\u6e05\u695a\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u9805\u8271\u9245\u7684\u4efb\u52d9\u3002\u5f88\u591a\u6642\u5019\u7cfb\u7d71\u767c\u751f\u932f\u8aa4\uff0c\u554f\u984c\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u958b\u767c\u8005\u958b\u767c\u7684\u7cfb\u7d71\u6709\u932f\u8aa4\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6c92\u6709\u958b\u767c\u5ba2\u6236\u6216\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u771f\u6b63\u9700\u8981\u7684\u7cfb\u7d71\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u5728\u5177\u5099\u898f\u6a21\u548c\u9ad4\u5236\u7684\u7cfb\u7d71\u958b\u767c\u5c08\u6848\u4e2d\uff0c\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e0d\u5927\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u5c64\u5c64\u5de5\u7a0b\u9a57\u8b49\u548c\u78ba\u8a8d\u904e\u7a0b\u628a\u95dc\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u9084\u6703\u767c\u751f\u6c92\u6709\u628a\u4e8b\u60c5\u505a\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u7e46\u8aa4\u3002\u4f46\u5012\u662f\u5f88\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u56e0\u70ba\u7cfb\u7d71\u958b\u767c\u5728\u5404\u7a2e\u56e0\u7d20\u4ea4\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0b\u7522\u751f\u7684\u8907\u96dc\u6027\uff0c\u8b93\u4eba\u7121\u6cd5\u5728\u6df7\u4e82\u548c\u79e9\u5e8f\u4e4b\u9593\u9069\u7576\u5730\u8abf\u9069\u800c\u8b93\u60c5\u6cc1\u5931\u53bb\u63a7\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7cfb\u7d71\u958b\u767c\u7684\u6a21\u7cca\u5730\u5e36<\/h4>\n

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\u7cfb\u7d71\u958b\u767c\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6703\u5b58\u5728\u6a21\u7cca\u5730\u5e36\u5462\uff1f\u7406\u8ad6\u4e0a\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u80fd\u5920\u767c\u5c55\u51fa\u8db3\u5920\u5177\u9ad4\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u898f\u683c\uff0c\u7cfb\u7d71\u61c9\u8a72\u5c31\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u7684\u6a21\u7cca\u5730\u5e36\u624d\u662f\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u6c92\u6709\u524d\u9762\u63d0\u5230\u5c0e\u51fa\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u4e09\u5927\u969c\u7919\uff0c\u4eba\u4e5f\u6c92\u8fa6\u6cd5\u85c9\u7531\u767c\u5c55\u56b4\u5bc6\u7684\u7cfb\u7d71\u898f\u683c\uff0c\u8b93\u7cfb\u7d71\u958b\u767c\u904e\u7a0b\u7684\u6a21\u7cca\u5730\u5e36\u56e0\u6b64\u800c\u6d88\u5931\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56e0\u70ba\u96d6\u7136\u5b9a\u7fa9\u5177\u9ad4\u7684\u898f\u683c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4f86\u898f\u7bc4\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\uff0c\u6e1b\u5c11\u7cfb\u7d71\u767c\u751f\u6a21\u7a1c\u5169\u53ef\u60c5\u6cc1\u767c\u751f\u7684\u6a5f\u6703\uff0c\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u898f\u683c\u6240\u898f\u7bc4\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u6108\u9ad8\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u4ee3\u8868\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u5b8c\u5099\u6027\u6108\u5bb9\u6613\u53d7\u5230\u9650\u5236\uff1b\u5728\u7cfb\u7d71\u898f\u683c\u6c92\u6709\u932f\u8aa4\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u51fa\u73fe\u4efb\u4f55\u908f\u8f2f\u4e0a\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6b4c\u5fb7\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5099\u5b9a\u7406<\/a>\u5df2\u7d93\u8b49\u660e\u5728\u7406\u6027\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u7684\u516c\u7406\u7cfb\u7d71\u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u73fe\u5b83\u7684\u6b63\u78ba\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u5b83\u6240\u6db5\u84cb\u7684\u7bc4\u570d\u4e2d\u4e0d\u767c\u751f\u4efb\u4f55\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u3002\u53ea\u8981\u516c\u7406\u7cfb\u7d71\u6240\u6db5\u84cb\u7684\u7bc4\u570d\u8db3\u5920\u5ee3\u5927\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u860a\u542b\u81ea\u7136\u6578\u6240\u5b9a\u7fa9\u7684\u6210\u54e1\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u5fc5\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u627e\u5230\u6c92\u8fa6\u6cd5\u8b49\u660e\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u5920\u8b49\u5426\u7684\u547d\u984c\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4e5f\u6c92\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u7684\u516c\u7406\u7cfb\u7d71\u53ef\u4ee5\u8b49\u660e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6b63\u78ba\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f9e\u6b4c\u5fb7\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5099\u5b9a\u7406\u53ef\u4ee5\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u7406\u89e3\u7cfb\u7d71\u958b\u767c\u7684\u6a21\u7cca\u5730\u5e36\u662f\u5fc5\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u3002\u5c0d\u7cfb\u7d71\u904b\u4f5c\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u78b0\u5230\u5404\u7a2e\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u958b\u767c\u8005\u5c0d\u554f\u984c\u9818\u57df\u6c92\u6709\u8db3\u5920\u7684\u7d93\u9a57\uff0c\u85c9\u7531\u6578\u7406\u516c\u5f0f\u53ca\u908f\u8f2f\u63a8\u6f14\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u7fa9\u51fa\u6c92\u6709\u6a21\u7cca\u5730\u5e36\u7684\u5b8c\u5099\u5177\u9ad4\u7cfb\u7d71\u898f\u683c\u3002\u7576\u898f\u683c\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u7576\u7684\u6db5\u84cb\u7bc4\u570d\uff0c\u5c31\u4ee3\u8868\u7cfb\u7d71\u5b58\u5728\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u6a21\u7cca\u7a7a\u9593\uff0c\u4e0d\u7136\u5c31\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u898f\u683c\u4e00\u5b9a\u5b58\u5728\u908f\u8f2f\u4e0a\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6b4c\u5fb7\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5099\u5b9a\u7406\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u8aaa\u6c92\u6709\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u898f\u683c\u662f\u5b8c\u5099\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6307\u53ea\u8981\u898f\u683c\u7684\u6db5\u84cb\u7bc4\u570d\u5920\u5ee3\uff0c\u5c31\u6c92\u8fa6\u6cd5\u900f\u904e\u8a08\u7b97\u6216\u662f\u63a8\u8ad6\u4f86\u8b49\u660e\u5b83\u7684\u5b8c\u5099\u6027\uff0c\u5426\u5247\u5c07\u6703\u4ee5\u7834\u58de\u898f\u683c\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u4f5c\u70ba\u4ee3\u50f9\u3002\u7576\u7136\u5c0d\u65bc\u7cfb\u7d71\u904b\u4f5c\u5c07\u4f86\u6703\u9762\u81e8\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u5883\uff0c\u958b\u767c\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u589e\u52a0\u898f\u683c\u7684\u7d30\u7bc0\u4f86\u64f4\u5927\u898f\u683c\u7684\u5b8c\u5099\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u901a\u5e38\u9019\u6a23\u505a\u6703\u5f71\u97ff\u5230\u7cfb\u7d71\u5176\u5b83\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u65bc\u662f\u9084\u662f\u7121\u6cd5\u63d0\u6607\u898f\u683c\u6574\u9ad4\u7684\u5b8c\u5099\u6027\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u56e0\u6b64\u55aa\u5931\u898f\u683c\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7cfb\u7d71\u958b\u767c\u7684\u6a21\u7cca\u5730\u5e36\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u4eba\u5011\u7d93\u9a57\u7684\u4fb7\u9650\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7528\u898f\u683c\u7684\u6b63\u78ba\u7121\u8aa4\u4f86\u8b49\u660e\u7cfb\u7d71\u5c0d\u4eba\u7684\u7528\u8655\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u7121\u6cd5\u78ba\u4fdd\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u50f9\u503c\u70ba\u4f55\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u55ae\u55ae\u8981\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f\u300c\u5b8c\u5168\u6b63\u78ba\u7121\u8aa4\u300d\u5c31\u662f\u500b\u5927\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u6642\u5019\u4eba\u4e0d\u662f\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u61c9\u8a72\u628a\u4e8b\u60c5\u505a\u5c0d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7f3a\u4e4f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6e1b\u5c11\u6216\u907f\u514d\u72af\u932f\u7684\u7d93\u9a57\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u822c\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u7cfb\u7d71\u958b\u767c\u7684\u932f\u8aa4\u5305\u62ec\u7f3a\u5c11\u5169\u7a2e\u5178\u578b\u7684\u7d93\u9a57\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e00\u7a2e\u932f\u8aa4\u662f\u7f3a\u4e4f\u554f\u984c\u9818\u57df\u7684\u7d93\u9a57\uff0c\u4f7f\u4eba\u6c92\u8fa6\u6cd5\u5728\u898f\u683c\u4e2d\u6e05\u695a\u5b9a\u7fa9\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u7cfb\u7d71\u672a\u4f86\u5c07\u9762\u5c0d\u7684\u60c5\u5883\uff0c\u6c92\u8fa6\u6cd5\u554f\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u554f\u984c\u4ee5\u505a\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u4e8b\u3001\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7a2e\u7d93\u9a57\u5247\u662f\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5de5\u7a0b\u6280\u8853\u7684\u7d93\u9a57\uff0c\u4f7f\u4eba\u4e0d\u4e86\u89e3\u7cfb\u7d71\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a1\u7528\u7684\u6280\u8853\u53ca\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6c92\u8fa6\u6cd5\u56de\u7b54\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u89e3\u7b54\u4f86\u628a\u4e8b\u60c5\u505a\u6b63\u78ba\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5de5\u7a0b\u6280\u8853\u7684\u5c0d\u7b56<\/h4>\n

\u5728\u5de5\u7a0b\u5be6\u52d9\u4e0a\uff0c\u9762\u5c0d\u7cfb\u7d71\u958b\u767c\u7684\u6a21\u7cca\u5730\u5e36\uff0c\u958b\u767c\u8005\u4e26\u975e\u7121\u6280\u53ef\u65bd\u3002\u8981\u907f\u514d\u6c92\u6709\u554f\u5c0d\u554f\u984c\u548c\u6c92\u6709\u63d0\u4f9b\u6b63\u78ba\u89e3\u7b54\u7684\u7f3a\u5931\uff0c\u958b\u767c\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u900f\u904e\u9a57\u8b49\uff08Validation\uff09\u6d41\u7a0b\u4f86\u505a\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u518d\u904b\u7528\u78ba\u8a8d\uff08Verification\uff09\u6d41\u7a0b\u628a\u4e8b\u60c5\u505a\u6b63\u78ba\u3002\u9019\u662f\u9762\u5c0d\u7cfb\u7d71\u958b\u767c\u7684\u6a21\u7cca\u5730\u5e36\uff0c\u5de5\u7a0b\u6280\u8853\u6240\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5c0d\u7b56\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u904b\u7528\u5de5\u7a0b\u5be6\u52d9\u7684\u9a57\u8b49\u548c\u78ba\u8a8d\u6d41\u7a0b<\/a>\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u771f\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u964d\u4f4e\u6216\u907f\u514d\u7cfb\u7d71\u958b\u767c\u7684\u6a21\u7cca\u7a7a\u9593\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u5f9e\u7b46\u8005\u5be6\u969b\u53c3\u8207\u7cfb\u7d71\u958b\u767c\u7684\u7d93\u9a57\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u5728\u7cfb\u7d71\u958b\u767c\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u958b\u767c\u8005\u7d93\u5e38\u82b1\u8cbb\u5f88\u591a\u7684\u5fc3\u529b\u5728\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u9a57\u8b49\u548c\u78ba\u8a8d\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f46\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u5b83\u5011\u5c0d\u964d\u4f4e\u6216\u907f\u514d\u7cfb\u7d71\u958b\u767c\u7684\u6a21\u7cca\u5730\u5e36\u5176\u5be6\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u9650\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u4e26\u975e\u958b\u767c\u8005\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u6216\u662f\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6d41\u7a0b\u6216\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u5c0d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u958b\u767c\u8005\u7d42\u7a76\u6703\u767c\u73fe\u4ed6\u5011\u6c92\u8fa6\u6cd5\u5b8c\u5168\u5ffd\u7565\u3001\u6216\u662f\u6392\u9664\u5de5\u7a0b\u6280\u8853\u4ee5\u5916\u6709\u95dc\u4eba\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b46\u8005\u518d\u8209\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u8457\u540d\u516c\u5171\u5efa\u8a2d\u767c\u751f\u7cfb\u7d71\u5931\u5e38\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002\u5c31\u50cf\u5728\u5e7e\u5e74\u524d\uff0c\u901a\u904e CMMI ML3 \u7684\u795e\u901a\u96fb\u8166\u958b\u767c\u9ad8\u9435\u552e\u7968\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u88ab\u4eba\u5011\u8a6c\u75c5\u50cf\u767b\u6a5f\u7684\u552e\u7968\u7cfb\u7d71\u662f\u5ffd\u8996\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u4ee5\u901a\u904e CMMI ML3 \u7684\u516c\u53f8\u6c34\u6e96\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u4eba\u5011\u5f88\u96e3\u80fd\u5920\u63a5\u53d7\u4ed6\u5011\u6703\u958b\u767c\u51fa\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u4e0d\u6562\u76f8\u4fe1\u4ed6\u5011\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u7576\u7684\u8edf\u9ad4\u958b\u767c\u80fd\u529b\u6210\u719f\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n

CMMI \u5de5\u7a0b\u9818\u57df\u4e2d\u7684\u9a57\u8b49\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u8b49\u5be6\u672a\u4f86\u7684\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u5728\u9810\u671f\u4e2d\u7684\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\u904b\u4f5c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6eff\u8db3\u9810\u671f\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5982\u679c\u7cfb\u7d71\u6c92\u6709\u6eff\u8db3\u5be6\u969b\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u958b\u767c\u8005\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u505a\u597d\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u9a57\u8b49\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u4ee5\u300c\u7528\u5ee3\u6cdb\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u9a57\u8b49\u9700\u6c42\u300d\u4f86\u767c\u5c55\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u5f8c\u8a18<\/h4>\n

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