{"id":11936,"date":"2017-07-26T10:29:18","date_gmt":"2017-07-26T02:29:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lifeparty.idv.tw\/blog\/?p=11936"},"modified":"2020-02-19T13:43:46","modified_gmt":"2020-02-19T05:43:46","slug":"%e5%8e%bb%e6%a0%b8%e5%bf%83%e5%8c%96%e4%b8%8d%e6%98%af%e5%80%8b%e4%ba%ba%e4%b8%bb%e7%be%a9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lifeparty.idv.tw\/blog\/archives\/11936","title":{"rendered":"\u53bb\u6838\u5fc3\u5316\u4e0d\u662f\u500b\u4eba\u4e3b\u7fa9"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u81c9\u66f8\u4e0a\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u912d\u5546\u96b1\u5144\u5728\u8a0e\u8ad6\u53bb\u6838\u5fc3\u5316\u7684\u89c0\u5ff5\u6642\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u5f88\u503c\u5f97\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8a0e\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u3002\u4ed6\u63d0\u5230\uff1a<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u5176\u5be6\u7528\u500b\u4eba\u8207\u96c6\u9ad4\u4f86\u770b\u5f85\u5c31\u6bd4\u8f03\u5206\u5f97\u51fa\u300c\u6838\u5fc3\u5316\u300d\u7684\u5340\u5225\uff0c\u5728\u500b\u4eba\u8207\u793e\u6703\uff08\u96c6\u9ad4\uff09\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u4e0a\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f03\u504f\u91cd\u500b\u4eba\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u300c\u53bb\u6838\u5fc3\u5316\u300d\uff1b\u4f46\u8981\u6c42\u500b\u4eba\u8981\u70ba\u96c6\u9ad4\u4ed8\u51fa\u800c\u6539\u8b8a\u81ea\u5df1\u3001\u72a7\u7272\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u6703\u51fa\u73fe\u300c\u6838\u5fc3\u5316\u300d\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u300c\u6838\u5fc3\u300d\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u500b\u76ee\u6a19\u3001\u653f\u9ee8\u3001\u9818\u5c0e\u8005\u7b49\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u53bb\u6838\u5fc3\u5316\u7684\u78ba\u6bd4\u6838\u5fc3\u5316\u66f4\u63d0\u4f9b\u500b\u9ad4\u7368\u7acb\u601d\u8003\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\uff0c\u4f46\u53bb\u6838\u5fc3\u5316\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u500b\u4eba\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff1f\u500b\u4eba\u4e3b\u7fa9\u6703\u9762\u81e8\u4e00\u500b\u6839\u672c\u7684\u4eba\u6027\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u843d\u5165\u81ea\u6200\u60c5\u7d50\u2014\u2014\u2014\u4ee5\u79c1\u5fc3\u4f5c\u795f\uff0c\u4ee5\u81ea\u6211\u70ba\u4e2d\u5fc3\u70ba\u57f7\u5ff5\uff0c\u4eba\u4eba\u70ba\u4e86\u722d\u596a\u9032\u5165\u5718\u9ad4\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u800c\u722d\u6b0a\u596a\u5229\u2014\u2014\u2014\u90a3\u5c31\u66f4\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u53bb\u6838\u5fc3\u5316\u4e86\u3002\u5176\u5be6\u89c0\u5bdf\u6771\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u5316\u53ef\u4ee5\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u5316\u601d\u8003\u91cd\u8996\u500b\u9ad4\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u767c\u63ee\u7684\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u6703\u4ee5\u512a\u52dd\u52a3\u6557\u7684\u9069\u8005\u751f\u5b58\u6210\u70ba\u6838\u5fc3\u5316\u7684\u751f\u5b58\u6cd5\u5247\u3002\u53cd\u5012\u662f\u6771\u65b9\u6587\u5316\u601d\u8003\u50be\u5411\u65bc\u7fa4\u9ad4\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u548c\u8ae7\uff0c\u4ee5\u4ec1\u7fa9\u9053\u5fb7\u4f86\u51dd\u805a\u7d44\u7e54\uff1b\u5373\u4f7f\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u770b\u8d77\u4f86\u4e0d\u6bd4\u897f\u65b9\u79d1\u6280\u529b\u91cf\u7684\u5f37\u5927\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u537b\u662f\u6e90\u9060\u6d41\u9577\u800c\u986f\u5f97\u6df1\u9060\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f9e\u4e16\u754c\u6b77\u53f2\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u8108\u7d61\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u5316\u7684\u500b\u4eba\u610f\u8b58\u548c\u6771\u65b9\u6587\u5316\u7684\u7fa4\u9ad4\u610f\u8b58\u90fd\u662f\u6838\u5fc3\u5316\u7684\u601d\u7dad\uff0c\u800c\u53bb\u6838\u5fc3\u5316\u6b63\u662f\u4ee5\u65b0\u6587\u660e\u53d6\u4ee3\u820a\u6587\u660e\u7684\u5178\u7bc4\u8f49\u79fb\uff0c<!--more-->\u5178\u7bc4\u8f49\u79fb\u7684\u89c0\u5ff5\u53ef\u4ee5<a href=\"http:\/\/www.nhu.edu.tw\/~sts\/class\/class_01_2.htm\">\u53c3\u8003\u5b54\u6069\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u9769\u547d\u89c0\u9ede<\/a>\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5371\u6a5f\u7684\u5230\u4f86\uff1a\u7576\u7570\u4f8b\u4e0d\u65b7\u51fa\u73fe\u800c\u5df2\u7d93\u4f7f\u5f97\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u904b\u7528\u5178\u7bc4\u4f86\u52a0\u4ee5\u89e3\u6c7a\u6642\uff0c\u5371\u6a5f\u5c31\u7522\u751f\u4e86\u3002\u800c\u96a8\u8457\u5178\u7bc4\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u7cbe\u78ba\uff0c\u6db5\u84cb\u9762\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u5ee3\u6642\uff0c\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u8d8a\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u63a2\u67e5\u5230\u7570\u5e38\u73fe\u8c61\u7684\u51fa\u73fe\uff0c\u9019\u6642\u5373\u662f\u5371\u6a5f\u7684\u5230\u4f86\uff0c\u5178\u7bc4\u8b8a\u9077\u7684\u5951\u6a5f\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u79d1\u5b78\u9769\u547d\u8207\u5178\u7bc4\u7684\u8f49\u79fb\uff1a\u7576\u5371\u6a5f\u4f86\u81e8\u6642\u5373\u610f\u8b02\u8457\u79d1\u5b78\u9769\u547d\u7684\u5230\u4f86\uff0c\u79d1\u5b78\u9769\u547d\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u65b0\u5178\u7bc4\u53d6\u4ee3\u820a\u5178\u7bc4\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u5178\u7bc4\u662f\u7531\u7406\u8ad6\u9ad4\u7cfb\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u54f2\u5b78\u89c0\u9ede\u6240\u69cb\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u5178\u7bc4\u7684\u8b8a\u9769\u4e0d\u50c5\u6703\u5f15\u8d77\u79d1\u5b78\u7406\u8ad6\u9ad4\u7cfb\u7684\u8b8a\u9769\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6703\u5f15\u8d77\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u5728\u8a8d\u8b58\u8ad6\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u8ad6\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8b8a\u9769\u3002\u5e38\u614b\u79d1\u5b78\u5177\u6709\u7a4d\u7d2f\u7684\u6027\u8cea\uff0c\u4f46\u5178\u7bc4\u7684\u8b8a\u9769\u7d55\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u7d2f\u7a4d\u6027\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4e0d\u53ef\u901a\u7d04\u6027\uff08incommensurability\uff09\uff1a\u5b54\u6069\u7528\u6b64\u8a5e\u4f86\u8868\u793a\u65b0\u820a\u5178\u7bc4\u4e4b\u9593\u6709\u4e00\u7a2e\u8cea\u7684\u5dee\u5225\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u5dee\u5225\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4f7f\u5f97\u5169\u8005\u7121\u6cd5\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u5bb9\u3002\u4e0d\u53ef\u901a\u7d04\u6027\u662f\u5b54\u6069\u6700\u5177\u9769\u547d\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\uff0c\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\u4e0d\u540c\u5178\u7bc4\u6240\u652f\u914d\u7684\u5e38\u614b\u79d1\u5b78\u6642\u671f\uff0c\u5176\u7814\u7a76\u554f\u984c\u3001\u554f\u984c\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u5f0f\u3001\u8a55\u65b7\u6a19\u6e96\u5747\u4e0d\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u50cf\u662f\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u4e16\u754c\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u4e00\u822c\u3002\u5b54\u6069\u8a8d\u70ba\u6211\u5011\u5f9e\u4e00\u500b\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u8f49\u8b8a\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\uff0c\u662f\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u5854\u8f49\u63db\uff08Gestalt-switch\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7d93\u7531\u4efb\u4f55\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u3002\u7576\u7136\u4ed6\u9019\u7a2e\u8ad6\u9ede\u53d7\u5230\u4e0d\u5c11\u6279\u8a55\uff0c\u5230\u5f8c\u671f\u5b54\u6069\u6539\u4ee5\u300c\u90e8\u5206\u4ea4\u6d41\u300d\u4f86\u66ff\u4ee3\u300c\u4e0d\u53ef\u901a\u7d04\u6027\u300d\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\uff0c\u65b0\u5178\u7bc4\u4e2d\u9084\u662f\u6df7\u5408\u8457\u50b3\u7d71\u5178\u7bc4\u4e2d\u7528\u904e\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5178\u7bc4\u7684\u9078\u64c7\uff1a\u5728\u9078\u64c7\u5178\u7bc4\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u505a\u51fa\u6709\u6548\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7684\u662f\u79d1\u5b78\u793e\u7fa4\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u55ae\u7368\u500b\u4eba\uff0c\u800c\u79d1\u5b78\u793e\u7fa4\u662f\u4f9d\u64da\u4f55\u7a2e\u6a19\u6e96\u4f86\u9078\u64c7\u79d1\u5b78\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u5b54\u6069\u8a8d\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u597d\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u7406\u8ad6\u61c9\u8a72\u8981\u6709\u4e0b\u5217\u6a19\u6e96\uff1a\n<ol>\n<li>\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u7cbe\u78ba\u6027<\/li>\n<li>\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u878d\u6d3d\u6027<\/li>\n<li>\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u7c21\u660e\u6027<\/li>\n<li>\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u6210\u6548\u6027<\/li>\n<li>\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u5ee3\u6cdb\u6027<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u79d1\u5b78\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1a\u5b54\u6069\u8a8d\u70ba\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u6a21\u5f0f\u70ba\uff1a\u9577\u671f\u7684\u5e38\u614b\u79d1\u5b78\u2192\uff08\u5371\u6a5f\uff09\u2192\u77ed\u66ab\u7684\u975e\u5e38\u614b\u79d1\u5b78\u2192\u65b0\u7684\u5e38\u614b\u79d1\u5b78<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5f9e\u5b54\u6069\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u5230\u4e2d\u570b\u81ea\u53e4\u4ee5\u4f86\u767c\u5c55\u738b\u9053\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u5e1d\u570b\u53e4\u6587\u660e\uff0c\u4ee5\u52d9\u865b\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u502b\u7406\u4f86\u7dad\u7e6b\u7fa4\u9ad4\u7684\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u5728\u9762\u81e8\u4e16\u754c\u8fc5\u901f\u6539\u8b8a\u7684\u60c5\u52e2\uff0c\u537b\u62b5\u64cb\u4e0d\u4f4f\u897f\u65b9\u9738\u6b0a\u7684\u5165\u4fb5\u3002\u65bc\u662f\u4e2d\u83ef\u6587\u5316\u5728\u9762\u81e8\u5371\u6a5f\u5f8c\u7522\u751f\u8b8a\u9769\uff0c\u53d6\u6cd5\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u660e\u4ee5\u52d9\u5be6\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u6c11\u4e3b\u4ee5\u6551\u570b\uff0c\u7d50\u679c\u4f7f\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u5316\u6210\u70ba\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u3002\u4f46\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u5316\u504f\u91cd\u7269\u8cea\u6587\u660e\u800c\u5ffd\u7565\u7cbe\u795e\u6587\u660e\uff0c\u537b\u9020\u5c31\u4eba\u5011\u5fc3\u9748\u7684\u7a7a\u865b\u8207\u6f70\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